Nyaya Yekushandisa Kuongororwa Kwetsvina paSpring Manufacturing Company

Mukugadzirisa pamusoro pematsime, phosphating inoshandiswa kugadzira chifukidziro chinodzivirira ngura. Izvi zvinosanganisira kunyudza matsime mumushonga une phosphate une maion esimbi akadai se zinc, manganese, uye nickel. Kuburikidza nemakemikari, firimu remunyu wephosphate rinoumbwa pamusoro pemvura.

Maitiro aya anogadzira marudzi maviri makuru emvura yakasviba
1. Mhinduro yeKugeza Marara Anosanganisa Phosphating: Kugeza kunosanganisa phosphate kunoda kutsiviwa nguva nenguva, zvichikonzera kuti marara arambe akawandisa. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosvibisa zvinosanganisira zinc, manganese, nickel, uye phosphate.
2. Mvura Yekushambidza Inosanganisa Phosphating: Mushure mekushambidza, kusukurudzwa kwakawanda kunoitwa. Kunyangwe huwandu hwezvinhu zvinosvibisa huri pasi pane hwemubhavhu wawashandisa, huwandu hwacho hwakawanda. Mvura iyi yekusukurudza ine zinc, manganese, nickel, uye total phosphorus, inova ndiyo sosi huru yemvura inosanganisa phosphating munzvimbo dzekugadzira matsime.

Ongororo Yakadzama Yezvinhu Zvikuru Zvinosvibisa:
1. Simbi - Chinhu Chinosvibisa Simbi Chakanyanya
Kunobva: Zvinonyanya kubva mukuita kwe acid pickling, apo spring steel inorapwa ne hydrochloric kana sulfuric acid kubvisa iron oxide scale (ngura). Izvi zvinoguma nekunyungudika kwakakosha kwema iron iron mumvura yakasviba.
Chikonzero cheKutarisa neKudzora:
- Kuonekwa: Painobuda, maion esimbi anoshanduka kuita maion esimbi, zvichiita kuti ferric hydroxide itsvukire inokonzera kusviba uye kuchinja ruvara rwemvura.
- Mhedzisiro Yezvakatipoteredza: Ferric hydroxide yakaunganidzwa inogona kugara pamhenderekedzo dzerwizi, ichivhara zvisikwa zviri pasi pegungwa uye ichikanganisa nharaunda dzemumvura.
- Matambudziko ezvivakwa: Zvinhu zvakachengetwa nesimbi zvinogona kukonzera kuvharika kwemapaipi uye kudzikira kwekushanda zvakanaka kwehurongwa.
- Kudiwa Kwekurapa: Pasinei nekuti ine chepfu shoma, iron inowanzovapo kana yakawanda uye inogona kubviswa zvinobudirira kuburikidza nekugadzirisa pH uye kunaya kwemvura. Kurapa kwekutanga kwakakosha kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemaitiro emvura ari pasi.

2. Zinc neManganese – "Phosphating Pair"
Manyuko: Zvinhu izvi zvinonyanya kubva mukuita kwe phosphate, iyo inokosha pakuwedzera kuramba ngura uye kunamira kwe coating. Vagadziri vazhinji ve spring vanoshandisa zinc- kana manganese-based phosphating solutions. Kusukurudza mvura kunotevera kunotakura zinc uye manganese ions murwizi rwemvura yakasviba.
Chikonzero cheKutarisa neKudzora:
- Huturu hwemumvura: Simbi dzese dziri mbiri dzinoratidza huturu hwakanyanya kuhove nezvimwe zvipenyu zvemumvura, kunyangwe kana zviine huwandu hushoma, zvichikanganisa kukura, kubereka, uye kurarama.
- Zinc: Inokanganisa mashandiro ehove, zvichiita kuti kufema kushande zvakanaka.
- Manganese: Kugara uchisangana nechinhu chisingaperi kunotungamira mukuunganidzwa kwemasero mumuviri uye zvinogona kukonzera migumisiro inokuvadza tsinga dzemuviri.
- Kutevedzera Mutemo: Mitemo yenyika neyepasi rose inoisa miganhu yakasimba pahuwandu hwe zinc ne manganese. Kubvisa zvinobudirira kunowanzo da kunaya kwemakemikari uchishandisa alkaline reagents kuti igadzire ma hydroxide asinganyungudike.

3. Nickel – Simbi Inorema Ine Ngozi Yakawanda Inoda Mutemo Wakasimba
Manyuko:
- Zvinowanikwa muzvinhu zvakagadziriswa: Dzimwe simbi dzesimbi, kusanganisira simbi isingatsvi, dzine nickel, iyo inonyungudika kuita acid panguva yekuisanganisa.
- Maitiro ekugadzirisa pamusoro: Mamwe machira emagetsi kana emakemikari anosanganisira nickel compounds.
Chikonzero cheKutarisa neKudzora (Kukosha Kwakakosha):
- Njodzi dzeHutano nedzeNzvimbo: Nickel nemamwe makemikari enickel anoiswa muzvikamu zvezvinokonzera kenza. Anewo njodzi nekuda kwechepfu yawo, hunhu hweallergen, uye kugona kwawo kuungana, zvichikonzera njodzi kwenguva refu kuhutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda.
- Miganhu Yakakomba Yokuburitsa Mvura: Mitemo yakaita se "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" yakaiswa pakati pehuwandu hwakaderera hunotenderwa hwe nickel (kazhinji ≤0.5–1.0 mg/L), zvichiratidza huwandu hwayo hwenjodzi.
- Matambudziko Ekurapa: Mvura inonaya nealkali inogona kusasvika padanho rekutevera mitemo; nzira dzepamusoro dzakadai se chelating agents kana sulfide precipitation dzinowanzo diwa kuti nickel ibviswe zvinobudirira.

Kuburitswa kwemvura yakasviba isina kugadziriswa zvakananga kunogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwakanyanya uye kunogara kwenguva refu kwenzvimbo yemvura nevhu. Nokudaro, tsvina yese inofanira kurapwa zvakanaka uye kuongororwa kwakasimba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mitemo inotevedzwa isati yaburitswa. Kuongororwa panguva chaiyo panzvimbo inoburitswa tsvina kunoshanda sedanho rakakosha kumabhizinesi kuti azadzise mabasa enharaunda, ave nechokwadi chekutevedzera mitemo, uye kuderedza njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza nedzemutemo.