Nhau - Kuongororwa kweMazinga eOxygen Akanyungudutswa muBio Pharmaceutical Fermentation Process

Chii chinonzi Oxygen Yakanyungudutswa?

Okisijeni Yakanyungudutswa (DO) zvinoreva okisijeni yemamorekuru (O2)_₂) inonyungudika mumvura. Inosiyana nemaatomu eokisijeni ari mumamorekuru emvura (H_₂O), sezvo iri mumvura muchimiro chemamorekuru eokisijeni akazvimiririra, angave anobva mumhepo kana kuti anogadzirwa kuburikidza ne photosynthesis nemiti yemumvura. Kuwanda kweDO kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, munyu, kuyerera kwemvura, uye zviitiko zvehupenyu. Saka, inoshanda sechiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora hutano uye kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo dzemumvura.

Okisijeni yakanyungudutswa inoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira metabolism yehutachiona, ichipesvedzera kufema kwemasero, kukura, uye biosynthesis yezvigadzirwa zve metabolic. Zvisinei, huwandu hwakawanda hweokisijeni yakanyungudutswa hahuna nguva dzose hunobatsira. Okisijeni yakawandisa inogona kutungamira kune metabolism yezvigadzirwa zvakaunganidzwa uye inogona kukonzera maitiro ane chepfu. Mazinga eDO akanakisa anosiyana pakati pemarudzi akasiyana emabhakitiriya. Semuenzaniso, panguva ye biosynthesis yepenicillin, DO inowanzo chengetwa pamhepo inosvika 30%. Kana DO ikadonha kusvika pazero uye ikaramba iri padanho iroro kwemaminitsi mashanu, kuumbwa kwechigadzirwa kunogona kukanganisika zvakanyanya. Kana mamiriro aya akaramba aripo kwemaminitsi makumi maviri, kukuvara kusingadzoreki kunogona kuitika.

Parizvino, masensa eDO anonyanya kushandiswa anogona kuyera huwandu hwemhepo yakasanganiswa, pane huwandu hwemhepo yakanyungudutswa. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemhepo, aeration uye stirging zvinoitwa kusvika sensor reading yagadzikana, ipapo kukosha kwayo kunoiswa ku100% air saturation. Kuyerwa kunotevera panguva yekuvirisa kunobva pane izvi. Absolute DO values haigone kutsanangurwa uchishandisa masensa akajairwa uye inoda matekiniki epamusoro-soro, akadai se polarography. Zvisinei, kuyerwa kwemhepo yakasanganiswa kazhinji kwakakwana pakutarisa nekudzora maitiro ekuvirisa.

Mukati memuchina wekuvirisa, mazinga eDO anogona kusiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kunyangwe kana kuverenga kwakasimba kwawanikwa pane imwe nguva, kushanduka-shanduka kunogona kuitika mune dzimwe nzira dzekurima. Ma "fermenters" makuru anowanzo kuratidza kusiyana kukuru kwenzvimbo mumazinga eDO, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kukura kwehutachiona uye kubereka. Humbowo hwekuyedza hwakaratidza kuti, kunyangwe avhareji yemazinga eDO ingave 30%, mashandiro ekuvirisa pasi pemamiriro ekuchinja-chinja akaderera zvakanyanya pane pasi pemamiriro ekugadzirisa. Nokudaro, mukukwidziridzwa kwe "fermenters" - kupfuura kufunga nezvekufanana kwejometri uye simba - kuderedza kusiyana kwe "spatial DO" kunoramba kuri chinangwa chikuru chekutsvagisa.

Sei Kuongororwa Kweokisijeni Yakanyungudutswa Kwakakosha Mukugadzirwa Kwemishonga Inouraya Mabhakitiriya?

1. Kuchengetedza Nzvimbo Yakakodzera Yekukura Kwezvipembenene kana Masero
Kuvirisa kwemumaindasitiri kunowanzo sanganisira tupukanana tunodzika midzi, twakadai seEscherichia coli nembiriso, kana masero emhuka dzinoyamwisa, akadai semasero eChinese Hamster Ovary (CHO). Masero aya anoshanda se "vashandi" mukati mehurongwa hwekuvirisa, achida okisijeni yekufema uye metabolic activity. Okisijeni inoshanda senzira yekupedzisira yekugamuchira maerekitironi mukufema kwemhepo, zvichiita kuti simba rigadzirwe muchimiro cheATP. Kusakwana kweokisijeni kunogona kutungamira mukudzipwa kwemasero, kumira kukura, kana kutofa kwemasero, zvichizoguma nekukundikana kwekuvirisa. Kutarisa mazinga eDO kunoita kuti kuwanda kweokisijeni kurambe kuri mukati mehuwandu hwakakodzera hwekukura kwemasero kwenguva refu uye kurarama.

2. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zveTarget zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka
Chinangwa chekuvirisa mishonga yekurapa hachisi chekungosimudzira kuwanda kwemasero chete asi kuti zvive nyore kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinodiwa, zvakaita se insulin, monoclonal antibodies, majekiseni, uye ma enzymes. Idzi nzira dzekugadzira mishonga yekurapa dzinowanzoda simba rakawanda, rinobva mukufema kwemhepo. Pamusoro pezvo, ma enzyme akawanda anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa anoenderana zvakananga ne oxygen. Kushaikwa kweokisijeni kunogona kukanganisa kana kuderedza kushanda kwenzira idzi.

Uyezve, mazinga eDO anoshanda sechiratidzo chekutonga. Kuwanda kweDO kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera kunogona:
- Shandura nzira dzekushanda kwemasero, semuenzaniso, kuchinja kubva pakufema kwemhepo kuenda pakuvirisa kusina simba.
- Zvinokonzera kushushikana kwemasero, zvichikonzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisingadiwe.
- Kuchinja huwandu hwemapuroteni ekunze.

Nekunyatso dzora mazinga eDO pamatanho akasiyana ekuvirisa, zvinokwanisika kutungamira metabolism yemasero kusvika pakugadzirwa kwakanyanya kwechigadzirwa, nokudaro zvichiita kuti kuvirisa kuve kwakanyanya uye kuwedzere goho.

Nhanganyaya yeChati Yekuyerera Kwemvura yeBio Pharmaceuticals

3. Kudzivirira Kushaikwa kweOxygen kana Kuwanda Kwayo
Kushaikwa kweokisijeni (hypoxia) kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa:
- Kukura kwemasero uye kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa kunomira.
- Metabolism inoshanduka ichienda kune nzira dzisina mweya, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kwema organic acids akadai se lactic acid ne acetic acid, izvo zvinoderedza pH ye culture medium uye zvinogona kukuvadza masero.
- Kushaya okisijeni kwenguva refu kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kusingadzoreki, uye kupora kusingazokwanisike kunyangwe mushure mekunge okisijeni yadzorerwa.

Okisijeni yakawandisa (supersaturation) inokonzerawo njodzi:
- Inogona kukonzera oxidative stress uye kuumbwa kwe reactive oxygen species (ROS), iyo inokuvadza cell membranes uye biomolecules.
- Kufefetera kwakanyanya uye kuvhunduka kunowedzera kushandiswa kwesimba uye mari yekushandisa, zvichikonzera kutambisa zviwanikwa zvisina basa.

4. Sechipimo Chinokosha Chekutarisa Nekudzora Mhinduro Munguva Yechokwadi

DO iparameter yenguva chaiyo, inoenderera mberi, uye yakazara inoratidza mamiriro emukati megadziriro yekuvirisa. Kuchinja kwemazinga eDO kunogona kuratidza mamiriro akasiyana-siyana emuviri uye mashandiro:
- Kukura nekukurumidza kwemasero kunowedzera kushandiswa kweokisijeni, zvichiita kuti mazinga eDO adzike.
- Kudzikira kana kudzikiswa kwe substrate kunonotsa metabolism, zvichideredza kushandiswa kweokisijeni uye zvichikonzera kuti mazinga eDO akwire.
- Kusvibiswa netupukanana twekunze kunochinja maitiro ekushandiswa kweokisijeni, zvichikonzera kuchinja-chinja kweDO uye kushanda sechiratidzo chekunyevera nekukurumidza.
- Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo, sekukundikana kwemuchina wekusanganisa mhepo, kuvharika kwepombi dzemhepo, kana kusvibisa mafirita, zvinogonawo kukonzera maitiro asina kujairika eDO.

Nekubatanidza kutarisa kweDO munguva chaiyo muhurongwa hwekudzora mhinduro otomatiki, kudzora kwakarurama kwemazinga eDO kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakasimba kwezvikamu zvinotevera:
- Kukurunga: Kuwedzera kumhanya kunowedzera kusangana kwegasi nemvura nekupwanya mabhuru, nokudaro zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa okisijeni. Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa uye inoshanda.
- Mwero wekufefetera: Kugadzirisa mwero wekuyerera kana kuumbwa kwegasi rinopinda (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera huwandu hwemhepo kana okisijeni yakachena).
- Kumanikidzwa kwetangi: Kumanikidzwa kunowedzera kumanikidzwa kweokisijeni zvishoma, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kunyunguduka.
- Tembiricha: Kudzikisa tembiricha kunowedzera kunyungudika kweokisijeni munzvimbo inokura.

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